Types, specifications and standards of automotive wire harness cables

What kind of wire type is selected for automobile wire harness cable plays an important role in the performance of automobile wire harness. To design a good harness, there is no room for carelessness in the choice of wire type. wire can be divided into electronic wire and cable wire according to the nature: electronic wire includes unshielded wire and shielded wire (UL1571 this wire will have shielded wire, other electronic wires are generally unshielded wire); Cable wires also include unshielded wires and shielded wires, such as UL2464, which can be divided into these two types. According to the standard points: UL/CSA(safety wire), CCC(national standard wire),VDE (German standard wire) PSE(Japanese standard wire), etc., of which UL/CSA,VDE, CCC are more frequently seen wires, and the most used is UL/CSA wire.

The common specifications of the wires in the car wiring harness are nominal cross-sectional area 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 4.0, 6.0 and other square millimeter wires, which each have the allowable load current value, and are used for different power electrical equipment wires. Taking vehicle wiring harness as an example, 0.5 specification wire is suitable for instrument lights, indicator lights, door lights, ceiling lights, etc. 0.75 specification wire is suitable for license plate lights, front and rear small lights, brake lights, etc. 1.0 specification wire is suitable for turn signals, fog lights, etc. 1.5 Specification wire is suitable for headlights, horns, etc. The main power cord, such as the generator armature wire and the lap wire, requires 2.5~4mm² wires. This only refers to the general car, the key depends on the maximum current value of the load, such as the battery wire, the positive power cord is a special car wire used alone, their wire diameter is relatively large, at least more than ten square millimeters, these "big" wires will not be woven into the main wire bundle.

Automotive harness commonly used wire types have Japanese standard (AVSS, etc.), national standard (QVR), German standard (FLRY), American standard and other major series. AVSS wire is characterized by thin insulation and good flexibility. QVR is characterized by thick insulation, relatively soft, good ductility; German standard wire insulation thinner, good flexibility; American standard wire insulation is generally thermoplastic or thermoset elastomer, and has been processed by irradiation process. The appropriate type of wire can be selected according to the needs of users and different working environments. The wires commonly used in automotive wiring harnesses usually use multi-stranded copper wires, and the insulation skin is PVC insulating material.

The wire used for the beam should have the characteristics of temperature resistance, oil resistance, wear resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, flame retardant and so on. The wire selected by the automobile wire harness should fully consider the environment and function of the wire harness. For example, the ambient temperature around the engine is high, and there are a lot of corrosive gases and liquids. Therefore, it is necessary to use high temperature, oil, vibration and friction resistant wires; The conductor on the luggage compartment cover should maintain its elasticity at low temperature, so the cold elastic conductor should be selected to ensure its normal operation; The wire on the automatic transmission must be resistant to high temperature and hydraulic oil, and its temperature stability is better; Weak signal sensors should use shielding wires, such as knock sensors and crankshaft position sensors, ABS wheel speed sensors, etc. High bending resistance is required for the inner wire of the door.